Cryotherapy is an effective treatment for osteosarcomas. Its main mechanism is to destroy tumor cells by a rapid freezing and slow thawing process that causes water molecules inside and outside cells to form ice crystals and aggregate to destroy tumor cells. The most common cryotherapy medium is liquid nitrogen. Liquid nitrogen has minus 196 degrees Celsius properties that can quickly reduce the temperature of contacted cells, tissues, and tumors to the low temperatures that kill tumors. Freezing Nitrogen Ethanol Composite (FNEC) has been developed by mixing ethanol and liquid nitrogen at a certain ratio to obtain a minus 114 degrees Celsius. The FNEC can then be placed in the bone tumor site for cryotherapy.

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The History of Cryotherapy